The new summary statistics of the husband’s and you can wife’s socioeconomic properties, marriage expenditures, and you can wife’s empowerment is shown inside the Table step 1

step 3.dos Matrimony strategies

Column (1) reports the data on complete sample, and you may line (2) reports all of them for the subsample, i.e., wives that have at least one brother and one sister. The latest sumple was claimed since the probably the most faster-mode estimation which have a collection of marriage expenditures paid off into the wife’s sisters and you may brothers by the its respective for the-statutes could only end up being used towards subsample. The average ages of husbands was forty.six years. Husbands, normally, done number 1 studies (5 years), and you will 56% of these try literate. The average ages of spouses is actually thirty five.8 many years. Spouses, on average, failed to over primee property be the cause of twenty-seven% away from full homes surveyed. The common sized farming property for every single family are step three.24 miles, with nearly forty% off domiciles becoming landless. Footnote 11 Having 39% of one’s spouses, its birth village is the same as regarding its husbands, 66% of them is married to a sis, and you can 17% is actually married into the watta satta (bride-to-be change, otherwise actually, “give–take”). Footnote 12 All these is unique options that come with relationship inside Punjab, Pakistan. Alternatively, the brand new northwestern section of India, including Indian Punjab, could have been traditionally recognized for hypergamy, which spouses try y contrasts which have endogamy and relative y due to the fact a couple families organizing watta satta never theoretically observe hypergamy from the exact same date, and tend to be probably becoming about same social class and financial reputation. Wife’s natal family members’ household income in the course of relationship is PKR 171,695 Footnote thirteen normally. It had been answered retrospectively because of the spouse in fact it is, thus, almost certainly susceptible to keep in mind mistakes similar to those found regarding amount of personal dowry and other relationships expenses, regardless of if income tends to be more relaxing for respondents in order to remember compared with an individual dowry composed of individuals circumstances. We implemented similar perform to minimize survey recall errors.

Presumably, recalling each and every goods of their private dowries out-of 10 years ago is tough

The initial a portion of https://internationalwomen.net/da/blog/indiske-datingsider/ the questionnaire asks husbands regarding their ount. Because dowry is famous to help you feature some items that permit an early partners to begin with the wedded life once marriage, we asked about the worth of per items within the dowry. The genuine real question is “Fundamentally, in your community, having children eg your very own, what’s the estimate property value for each and every product considering as the dowry in the course of the latest daughter’s marriage?” I clearly inquired about dowry because the found in the community, or jati (= sub-caste), due to the fact we are seeking the practice of dowry alone because better as the private amount of dowry its mothers paid off. Its way to the question regarding the dowry in the community are likely to express appropriate facts about dowry techniques. The reply you are going to report exactly how much they might purchase for each and every item if they are already undergoing delivering a great dowry on the daughter. Either way, the answer sometimes give alot more appropriate steps toward itemized worth of dowry. The following an element of the survey asks spouses about their private dowries or other matrimony expenses, we.age., “Simply how much dowry (bride rates) performed your mother and father (in-laws) offer in the course of their ounts can be used throughout the chief empirical studies. The newest correlation coefficient between your private dowry amount and you will community-situated dowry matter try 0.65 (Fig. 3). The city-created dowry amount is higher than the non-public dowry count paid back by wives’ parents, that’s not alarming because of the alleged growing pattern regarding real amount of dowry.